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Archelaus of Cilicia
Archelaus ((ギリシア語:Ἀρχέλαος); born before 8 BC; died 38 AD) was a Cappadocian Prince〔Tacitus, Annals, 6.41〕 from Anatolia and a Roman client king〔Wilson, ''Encyclopedia of ancient Greece'', p.161〕 of Cilicia Trachea and Eastern Lycaonia.〔Levick, ''Tiberius the Politician'', p.110〕 He is sometimes called ''Archelaus Minor'' (''Minor'' which is Latin for ''the younger'')〔 and ''Archelaus II''〔Vogt, ''Aufstieg und Niedergang der römischen Welt: Geschichte und Kultur Roms im Spiegel der neueren Forschung, Volume 1'', p.2091〕 to distinguish him from his father Archelaus of Cappadocia.
==Family background==
Archelaus was a Monarch of Greek, Armenian and Persian descent. He was the fifth and final Archelaus to be named after the first Archelaus (his paternal great-great-grandfather), who was a General of King Mithridates VI of Pontus.〔Dueck, ''Strabo’s cultural geography: the making of a kolossourgia'', p.208〕 He was the son and heir of the Roman Client King Archelaus of Cappadocia from his first marriage to an unnamed Princess from Armenia and his sister was the Cappadocian Princess Glaphyra.〔 There is a possibility that his parents may have been distantly related. His father is descended from Mithridates VI. His mother may have been a daughter of King Artavasdes II of Armenia (reigned 53 BC-34 BC) of the Artaxiad Dynasty. The father of Artavasdes II was Tigranes the Great,〔Sandler, ''Ground warfare: an international encyclopedia, Volume 1'', p.884〕 who married Cleopatra of Pontus, a daughter of Mithridates VI from his first wife, his sister Laodice,〔Mayor, ''The Poison King: the life and legend of Mithradates, Rome’s deadliest enemy'', p.p.114&138〕 thus Artavasdes II was a maternal grandson to Mithridates VI and Laodice. Archelaus was the maternal uncle of Glaphyra’s children: Tigranes, Alexander and her unnamed daughter.
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